Pilates is a physical fitness system developed in the early 20th century by Joseph Pilates in Germany. As of 2005, there were 11 million people practicing the discipline regularly.

Pilates called his method Contrology (from control and Greek -λογία, -logia), because he believed that his method uses the mind to control the muscles. The Pilates method seeks to increase the strength, flexibility and control of the body.

The Pilates method seeks to develop controlled movement from a strong core and it does this using a range of apparatuses to guide and train the body. Joe Pilates originally developed his method as mat exercises but he also developed several pieces of apparatus to help people "get the method in their bodies".  The Pilates method uses principles of proper alignment and core strength to correct unsafe movement patterns while strengthening and lengthening the entire body.  This form of movement is effective and fun for the sedentary to the very fit. 

Each apparatus has its own repertoire of exercises and most are resistance training since they make use of springs to provide additional resistance. The most widely used piece of apparatus, and probably the most important, is the Reformer, but other apparatus used include the Magic Circle, the Arc, foam rollers, resistance bands and some additional props that have been adapted for use in contemporary studios.